| brent saner on 22 Mar 2011 12:29:20 -0700 |
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| Re: [PLUG] Linux and package managers/repos |
whoops, typo. s/ctrl-v/ctrl-c/. :) On 3/22/11, brent saner <brent.saner@gmail.com> wrote: > One urgent note for Gentoo users: > emerge world will....re-merge every package in the world file. > correct syntax: emerge -uDNva world > flags: > -u update (if a package version was rolled back, unmerge newest and > install that version instead. likely because of a severe security flaw > found) > -D consider the entire dependency tree (i.e. not only package foo, but > every package foo depends on). very handy for packages that had a > changed dependency version/package with an update. > -N check for new USE flags (just in case you updated them and forgot > to re-merge packages that needed it.) > -v verbose. optional, obviously, but it's good to know what packages > and in what order they'll be updated/installed. > -a ask before doing anything. this is a Good Idea(TM) because it gives > one the chance to review packages before installing instead of mashing > ctrl-v because you forgot to change a USE flag. > :) > > On 3/22/11, JP Vossen <jp@jpsdomain.org> wrote: >> Last night at PLUG W we briefly discussed package managers, and how >> Gentoo, RPM and APT systems work. A longer discussion here is out of my >> scope at the moment, but I wanted to provide a concrete example of >> something I was talking about, that I think is very important, but that >> doesn't get the press it deserves. >> >> Well, it actually does get a lot of press, but under a different name >> and in a different context. The one that gets press is called an "app >> store," but Linux has had that since Debian (at least, possibly longer?) >> except it's called a "repository" and it's full of free (as in no cost >> and freedom) software. >> >> There are 2 main reasons why this matters: >> 1) updates >> 2) ease-of-use, which encompasses: ease of discovery, compatibility, >> user experience, ease of removal, and so forth. >> >> I'll contrast against Windows, but I'm pretty sure that Mac is about the >> same as Windows here (that'll change sooner or later with a "Mac Store" >> if it hasn't already). >> >> To update Windows you use WindowsUpdate, which was tacked on at the 11th >> hour because no one updated anything and thus left gaping holes >> everywhere. And it only updates the core OS and a few selected >> Microsoft apps (Office). There are various (expensive) third-party >> solutions that do better and some apps will update themselves, thus >> leading to many and conflicting auto-updaters, and different, >> semi-uncontrollable schedules. Ugly, ugly, ugly. >> >> On the other hand, since not too long after the dawn of Linux, this has >> been baked in to the very core of what a "distribution" is. And as long >> as you stay inside the package manager, 'sudo aptitude update && sudo >> aptitude full-upgrade' updates *everything* on the system...bang...done. >> (Or 'yum upgrade' for Red Hat-ish or 'emerge world' (Rich, right?) for >> Gentoo.) >> >> So what does "stay inside the package manager" mean? It means that you >> don't install stuff from source (except Gentoo, but that *is* the >> package manager :), you install from the repo. OK, but what if you need >> "foo?" Don't worry, it's in there. (My example last night for reading >> MRI results was "aeskulap - medical image viewer and DICOM network >> client".) >> >> So, todays example. I got an email at work discussion a non-intuitive >> customer name issue, and I thought I'd be funny and try to do an anagram >> of it. But the name was 19 characters, which is too long for the >> web-based anagram engines. So in literally 10 minutes (read the >> timestamps) I: >> 1) Searched for apps to solve my problem >> 2) installed one, took a few minutes to realize didn't like it >> 3) installed the other, took a few minutes to use it >> 4) purged the one I didn't like, and am sure it's really gone >> >> How long would a search for a similar tool take for Windows? You have >> to Google it, read various descriptions scattered all over the web, >> choose from possibly hundreds of analysis-paralysis-inducing choices, >> download it, hope it's not malware, figure out how to install it, try >> it, then figure out if it will cleanly uninstall (probably not). Not >> for me... >> >> Notes: >> * I prefer the command line. There are various GUI tools that do all of >> this too. The names change based on distro and version of distro. Poke >> around... >> * I also wrote a tool to help me remember how to do some things. It's >> called 'deb' but it shows the real command it used. >> >> >> Start: 14:32:32 >> Stop: 14:42:42 >> >> [jp@ringo:T4:L2:C509:J0:2011-03-20_14:32:32_EDT] >> /home/jp$ deb search anagram >> apt-cache search anagram | sort | /usr/bin/less --quit-if-one-screen >> --no-init >> 1 an - very fast anagram generator >> 2 anagramarama - fast paced anagram puzzle game using SDL >> 3 anagramarama-data - fast paced anagram puzzle game using SDL >> (data files) >> 4 kanagram - jumble word puzzle for KDE 4 >> 5 kdeedu-kvtml-data - kvtml files for kdeedu programs >> 6 wordplay - anagram generator >> >> [jp@ringo:T4:L2:C510:J0:2011-03-22_14:32:34_EDT] >> /home/jp$ deb show an wordplay >> apt-cache show an wordplay | /usr/bin/less --quit-if-one-screen --no-init >> 1 Package: an >> 2 Priority: optional >> 3 Section: universe/games >> 4 Installed-Size: 88 >> 5 Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers >> <ubuntu-devel-discuss@lists.ubuntu.com> >> 6 Original-Maintainer: Paul Martin <pm@debian.org> >> 7 Architecture: amd64 >> 8 Version: 0.95-3.2 >> 9 Depends: libc6 (>= 2.4) >> 10 Recommends: wbritish | wordlist >> 11 Filename: pool/universe/a/an/an_0.95-3.2_amd64.deb >> 12 Size: 15366 >> 13 MD5sum: 9149bb5c5e836a002c4f0eaef71fd747 >> 14 SHA1: e7b22754f20913e6654ddb4a3613fcb6a113920b >> 15 SHA256: >> a726e120ef29a983059bc2c561708aad97c5b80ed645d459884fccc1dcc099a3 >> 16 Description: very fast anagram generator >> 17 Generates anagrams for a phrase supplied by the user, the >> words used in the >> 18 anagram are taken from a specified dictionary which should >> contain one word >> 19 per line (default:/usr/share/dict/words). Appears to be up to >> 10 times >> 20 faster than wordplay, especially for longer phrases. >> 21 Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug >> 22 Origin: Ubuntu >> 23 >> 24 Package: wordplay >> 25 Priority: optional >> 26 Section: universe/games >> 27 Installed-Size: 296 >> 28 Maintainer: Pawel Wiecek <coven@debian.org> >> 29 Architecture: amd64 >> 30 Version: 7.22-17 >> 31 Depends: libc6 (>= 2.3.4-1) >> 32 Filename: pool/universe/w/wordplay/wordplay_7.22-17_amd64.deb >> 33 Size: 106750 >> 34 MD5sum: 8ba33dadc8fbf580ff4d20db3c0b707b >> 35 SHA1: 6c2737731411d1f4920e6ca53e9b1d13dd9522b9 >> 36 SHA256: >> 84c59374f3dc90929a9d1ee1fc56361635cc2d7b6c98bf26c57333d72e22701a >> 37 Description: anagram generator >> 38 Wordplay generates anagrams of words or phrases. For example, >> 39 "Debian GNU/Linux" = "laud benign unix", "nubian lug index", >> 40 "dang nubile unix", or "I debug in lax nun". >> 41 Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug >> 42 Origin: Ubuntu >> >> [jp@ringo:T4:L2:C511:J0:2011-03-22_14:33:09_EDT] >> /home/jp$ sudo aptitude install an >> [...] >> >> [jp@ringo:T4:L2:C512:J0:2011-03-22_14:33:46_EDT] >> /home/jp$ an 'Some long name here' | less >> <...choke...> >> >> [jp@ringo:T4:L2:C515:J0:2011-03-22_14:35:44_EDT] >> /home/jp$ sudo aptitude install wordplay >> [...] >> >> [jp@ringo:T4:L2:C516:J0:2011-03-22_14:37:04_EDT] >> /home/jp$ wordplay 'Some long name here' | less >> <1,124,644 anagrams...not as funny as I thought, but I'll keep this app> >> >> [jp@ringo:T4:L2:C518:J0:2011-03-22_14:42:42_EDT] >> /home/jp$ sudo aptitude purge an >> >> >> Later, >> JP >> ----------------------------|:::======|------------------------------- >> JP Vossen, CISSP |:::======| http://bashcookbook.com/ >> My Account, My Opinions |=========| http://www.jpsdomain.org/ >> ----------------------------|=========|------------------------------- >> "Microsoft Tax" = the additional hardware & yearly fees for the add-on >> software required to protect Windows from its own poorly designed and >> implemented self, while the overhead incidentally flattens Moore's Law. >> ___________________________________________________________________________ >> Philadelphia Linux Users Group -- >> http://www.phillylinux.org >> Announcements - >> http://lists.phillylinux.org/mailman/listinfo/plug-announce >> General Discussion -- >> http://lists.phillylinux.org/mailman/listinfo/plug >> > > > -- > Brent Saner > 504.338.1513 > > http://www.houseoftherisingson.org > -- Brent Saner 504.338.1513 http://www.houseoftherisingson.org ___________________________________________________________________________ Philadelphia Linux Users Group -- http://www.phillylinux.org Announcements - http://lists.phillylinux.org/mailman/listinfo/plug-announce General Discussion -- http://lists.phillylinux.org/mailman/listinfo/plug